Category Archives: Uncategorized

Learnt it on the grapevine – Pat Mock, Jenny Kirkwood #open17

Lots of e-resources that need certain amount of skills to use. But don’t have a trainer so implementing training isn’t manageable – fitting into schedules is hard. Training isn’t always motivating – especially hard for the trainer when trainees forget everything they’ve been told – only remember who the expert was “and it wasn’t them”.

Did research and found brain is designed to shed information. 50% of what you hear will be gone on within an hour. Unless you can convince your brain you’re going to need it again – this is the key to their new system, “grapevine training”.

Short 10-15min sessions where person A trains B -> C -> D … -> A. Different topic starting a chain every few weeks. Done for technical issues, work processes, etc.

Staff like the format – get engaged working one-on-one. Often work together longer than session intended and first staff member gets more out than put in. More confident demonstrating to public because they’ve already demo’d to each other.

Not perfect each time. One problem is that once a train sets off it’s hard to track how far it’s progressed – so create a document where staff tick when training is received and passed on.

Usually reference staff are responsible for training so they started kicking off the training but when they got a bit tired of this, other staff got asked to kick off chains. Staff are now using chains when they want to use a skill.

Takes the expert out of the equation so staff are now more empowered. Doing better with familiarity with resources by engaging staff.


Did they check this doesn’t end up like Chinese Whispers? Actually didn’t. Theoretically the last person gives it back to person A but in practice the chains broke first. But didn’t find that it got distorted. Sometimes you get something different but not wrong – they’d just gone off on a tangent.

May not work in big systems – online document to track helped but easier in smaller organisation.

For a short thing, can have one person teach two and spreads faster – pyramid style.

Who initiates? Still mostly the reference team. But very successful when others start. Requires one of the reference team to push it at the start.

Have considered trying it with school classes too – haven’t had a chance to try that yet.

What about capturing notes from people along the chain?

What happens when the chain breaks? You can prod people. But if people really don’t want to learn, so be it. Has worked better and for longer than anything else.

They set a time limit, not always met.

Is there a structured chain? In the start, yes, but really labour-intensive and would break when someone went on leave. More flexible when there’s an online form as staff can find someone available.

Finding our happy place at work – Cath Sheard #open17

Used to feel pressured, even bullied. Some used to go home and cry. Now happy, confident, prepared to take risks.

When took over as manager instituted regular one-on-one meetings with staff. 95% of time has an open door policy. So staff chat regularly, meaning when it’s time for a harder conversation it’s okay because they already know each other.

Cut back on number of events because staff were too stressed. So number of events has gone up – because the pressure is off and they’re enjoying it again.

Stopped being involved in things just because she could. Doesn’t need to check every poster, sign – don’t need to do quality control because trust staff. So she has more time and staff feel trusted. If she needs things changed staff knows there’s a real reason.

Did Myers-Briggs to ‘know yourself’.  Strengths and weaknesses; what makes you happy or frustrated? No use implementing a change that’ll make you cross!

Look for quick wins so you can see it’ll work and there’s benefits to making changes. Acknowledge the wins. Be prepared for multiple iterations.

The summer boutique library – Daille White #open17

The summer boutique library – closing the library but keeping the doors open
Daille White, Jane Brooker, and Lucy Lang – Victoria University of Wellington
Completely refurbishing library so closed for 3 months; wanted to create a small library as a temporary replacement to provide resources/services over summer trimester.
Lots of communication, especially over Facebook and face-to-face meetings which allayed fears and panic.
(‘Before’ photos of “dingy, cramped” library actually look pretty nice! ‘After’ photos have replaced brightly painted walls with timber and glass which is also very smart. Black shelving was the architect’s vision and not their own preference though….)
Various plans were made and changed. Ended up moving to a low-use student common room. Small area but looked clean and bright. Informal atmosphere. Open 9-5 Mon-Fri which was plenty – being staffed by core people strengthened relationships. Users had to consult for help and discovered librarians actually really nice. 🙂
Selected high-use material and course materials, and material requested, to put into temporary collection. Also promoted extended loan. No complaints about interloans as delivering service very quick – some even commented better than before. Some found items in the smaller collection that they didn’t know library had. Academics were particularly interested in new items display.
Always had been planned to change the service model, to be in the space with clients around them – more visible and approachable. Summer boutique library helped.

Engaging the student community through work placements – Jessica Henry #open17

Engaging the student community through work placements in the AUT university library makerspace
28,000 students – 89% have to complete work experience placements to finish qualifications. So opportunity to include students – get creative about what skills non-LIS students have that could be helpful.
Projects:
  • Artist in Residence – to facilitate workshops and encourage creativity in makerspace
    Had been volunteering in public libraries running “The Afternoon Academy” for teenagers – was keen on offering “gentle mentorship” to students based on his own experience. Workshops involving staff and students – paper, clay (got clay from construction project on campus). Also making his own artwork as his residency. Enjoyed spending time with people from disparate disciplines. Library was a place he hadn’t spent much time in.
  • Cooperative Education – psychology student, had work experience in observation. Wanted opportunity to apply research skills in real world. Counted space use (3 campus libraries, main one has 5 floors) on the hour every hour. Also looked at instagram profile and social media use – breaking down what makes posts successful as social media takes lots of staff time so want to be more strategic. Enjoyed space and time to work on real-life projects

These things don’t happen quickly. Artist in Residence approved last Sept, was July before he was in place. Some wages got paid for by Student Services but not sure about future. Also took staff time for supervision and coordination. And requires space and materials.

“It’s hard to get people on board with an idea when you don’t have concrete examples of what it’s going to look like!”

But was received well – seen as shifting from the library ‘weighted down’ by collection to be engaging; and great way to gather meaningful data.


Q&A: Makerspace focused on bringing people and ideas together. Bookbinding and sewing through to robotics. Just launched in July but well-attended.

How will data change what you do next year? Will change when and how they post? Students like images they can identify with the uni  – pictures of the space more than pictures of staff or students. Won’t change all posts but helps. Re space will look at study spaces, plus spaces where students are more likely to interact with each other in order to enhance those.

The development of a digital atlas of Ngāi Tahu history – Takerei Norton #open17

Hope to launch Kā Huru Manu | Ngāi Tahu Atlas this November. Opportunity to tell their own stories instead of having their stories told by others. When gathering evidence for the Waitangi tribunal hearing, a principle was that if it fell through (as claims had so often before), they’d at least have their chance to tell their story to New Zealand.

Gathering evidence, was important to show how tupuna viewed the land early on before any written evidence. The names of places carry heritage and history – mnemonics for knowledge about the places and stories.

Started the mapping project in one area, then extended to whole Ngāi Tahu takiwā. Started with sticking dots on large topographical maps; later digitised. Probably 100,000 pages worth. Technology, Google Earth, streamlined it heaps and made it much easier. Get a name, locate it on the map, add the data/story behind the name.

Background

1/10 of South Island are Crown-owned low-rent leases in the high country to Ngāi Tahu – and government wanted to freehold it. Tenure Review involved visiting farms, interviewing people, identifying sites of cultural significance. Manuhaea needed to be protected – famous mahinga kai site for gathering tuna and birds; later flooded as Lake Hāwea was raised. But when told this to the Crown, the Crown kept saying they needed more information. Went to Trevor Howse, developed relationship, and he provided a pile of papers full of evidence. Wrote a 30-page report and the Crown agreed to protect the site.

Get to the point where they want to identify what sites are key to be protected. Started mapping hui where people would bring info and map on topographic maps with colour-coded dots. Decided to visit each site – mapping hikoi for 2-3 years with guest speakers, archaeologists, parents and kids. Nearly finished mapping the high country and then decided to do one more small job: map the whole of the South Island. Because had always wanted to do it, just hadn’t had the resources; Tenure Review was a way in.

Map

5000 placenames: mahinga kai, ponds, lagoons, streams, mountains, pā, travel routes, native reserves. Names that are pre-Ngāi Tahu, Ngāi Tahu, incorrect names put in by Pākehā, everything – and every name must be referenced. Mostly from 19th century manuscripts, maps, books, newspapers.

“The east coast was state highway one, and the rivers were highways into the interior”

Used old maps but some mistakes eg Beattie misread/parsed sources, so working to find other sources and correct them.

Nervous about putting out the full 5000 placenames in case used by council against them, so starting by putting out 1500.

Acknowledgements

Informant gets credit as well as collector. Another problem with Beattie: “an old Māori man told me this” but who? In one case Teki Pukurakau = ‘Jack Pukuraki’.

“This has been done by the ordinary Ngāi Tahu person.” – Trevor Howse  Done by Ngāi Tahu for Ngāi Tahu. If any institutions have information related, this project wants it!

Journey mapping approach – Maxine Ramsay #open17

Enhancing library services with a journey mapping approach
“Journey maps illustrate customers’ stories.” – Kerry Bodine. About user experience – not just the step by step process but also user’s emotions over time. We often make a lot of assumptions; journey mapping is a way to find out what’s really happening from the user’s perspective.
Journey-mapped all 500 students at an intermediate school, especially interested in:
  • taking shoes off at door
  • usage of OPAC
  • use of AccessIt’s OneSearch system for database search

Created a stylised journey map template to prompt where feedback was wanted. Explained to teachers how it’d work. Trialed with one class, then refined as had to explain to students it wasn’t a test. Hard for students in this age group to give their own opinion without knowing what librarians “want them to write”.

As you come into the foyer, thoughts include:

  • too full, smells bad, keen to find a good book, taking off shoes OK, taking off shoes a pain, untidy – note that negative feelings about taking off shoes seems much higher for year 7 than year 8

Exciting part was the actions as the result of the report

  • eg scrapped the ‘no shoes in the library’ rule.
  • Promoting IP address for catalogue as mural on the wall
  • Found students not confident searching catalogue so extended catalogue teaching so now goes into classrooms to teach it.
  • Students found it hard to navigate around lots of furniture so freed up some space
  • Trialed a self-issue desk but it didn’t work and wasn’t totally reliable so scrapped that but introduced extra student librarians to free up queues of student

Lessons learned:

  • Focus on one aspect of student experience / one user goal, not entire experience
  • Good to see what the pain points are
  • Students reacted really well to immediate changes

Planning:

  • collaborate – who will you work with to trial the approach? consider working with people trialling it in other sectors
  • decide – which user goal / journey will you focus on, and which user group (or non-user group) will you target
  • map – what tools and resources do we need? develop simple templates, or set up video diaries – just think about how you’re going to collate at the other end; and think about resources for recruitment
  • analyse – how will you use the data/evidence; how will you present it (and recommendations) to others in the team;
  • act – what resources do you need to implement any changes. When you’re seen to act on feedback it reinforces that you’re user-centred, makes them more likely to participate later and gives them greater ownership of the library
  • evaluate – the information collected, the process, the impact of changes

(Or could use Matt Finch’s “Who/What/Where/When/How” process.)

Could also journey map the ideal experience and then identify the gaps.

The Future of the Commons – Paul Stacey #open17

A commons is “a community based social system, independent of the state and market, for the long-term stewardship of resources”.

Creative Commons publishes an annual State of the Commons report. Big growth year on year.

  • museums and libraries making heavy use of CC for their materials;
  • open access journals are also growing heavily;
  • open textbooks (OpenStax Physics etc books now being translated to other languages) and other open education resources
  • images eg 500px which focuses on high-quality photos from professionals
  • video eg on vimeo eg short film “Alike
  • open data eg GeoNet; “A Quiet Revolution

Has morphed from individuals using CC licences to organisations using them.

But have we underpaid attention to the social system around this? The rules around CC are different from the rules for copyright. Permissions are expressed upfront. Instead of just borrow/return, you can:

  • retain the copy
  • reuse
  • revise
  • remix
  • redistribute

Physical commons – rivalrous, excludable, depletable, replication cost

Digital commons – non-rivalrous, non-excludable, non-depletable, replication almost free

Processing speed, bandwidth, storage are doubling every year so there’s a different economics.’

Different way to participate – crowdsourcing eg through the Wiki Loves Monuments photo competition; #ColourOurCollections; Rijksstudio platform to remix Rijsmuseum content into eg a kimono; or a sleeping mask; or contact lenses – which get produced and sold in their store.

Initiatives like this increasingly involve and engage librarians.

Expanding physical commons collections eg toy libraries, tool libraries, tie-lending libraries, musical instruments. (However most not being done by libraries.)

Learning commons – but do we help students find CC-licensed content? do we help faculty not plagiarise…? Library in Gouda Netherlands has a chocolate factory.

Maker spaces and 3D printing. Vancouver has an inspiration lab – can borrow instruments, book a studio, edit.

Social and economic aspects of building a commons

Common question: Why would I give my work away for free when I could get rich? So wrote Made with Creative Commons to answer this – a book to show the world how CC is good for business. Interviewed businesses etc across sectors/around the world to show what they’re doing, how it works, etc.

Not your ‘business as usual’ – not in it to maximise profit or restrict access, monetise commodities, selling to the highest bidder. Tended to be driven by social good. Viewed customers differently from a typical business – wanted to establish a personal connection/relation/collaboration.

Success/sustainability = CC + social good + human connection + $$ — ie Have high-value CC-licensed resources; generate genuine human connection; and then you can have some way of making money on top.

Big picture

Historically three ways to manage resources: the market, the state, and the commons. The commons is perhaps the oldest; appropriated by the state (‘enclosure of the commons’); given/taken over by the market.

Some organisations (like Wikimedia) are pure commons. Some (like Arduino) are hybrid commons-market. Then Rijksmuseum is state-commons-market.

You need to understand which part of your operation is which and run it appropriately. The state part and the commons part operate differently, with different norms and rules.

Market: private goods, indirect processes, norms and rules of property; goals are sales, revenue, profit, shareholder return, growth

State: public goods, indirect processes around authority; norms and rules of policies, regulations, laws; goals of quality of life, social and economic wellbeing

Commons: common goods, direct processes, rules and norms of creative commons, goals of participation, distributional equity

Principles of adding value, transparency, attribution, give more than you take, develop trust, defend the Commons

Benefits: access, equity, efficiency, flexibility, participation, reach and impact, lower cost, personalisation – these can’t be done by the market. Don’t put forth a rational based on market rules (eg ROI) it won’t make sense. Amplify the story of the shift from scarcity to abundance.

If you want to point to economists talking like this, see Doughnut Economics by Kate Raworth


“Tragedy of the Commons” essay often used against the idea of the commons. But the essay was written by someone who’d never seen a commons. In the real world, people actual speak to each other and balance everyone’s needs against each others and the commons.

Opening up licensing agreements – Annette Keogh #open17

Opening up licensing agreements: How to interpret and how to convey terms to our users
So much of our lives and access seems seamless, but so much of this relies on small print. While we may be a bit easygoing in our personal lives we need to be a bit more rigorous when it comes to our patrons’ lives.
What to look out for:
  • are authorised users specified?
    • eg current employees/contractors/students? retired faculty? alumni? visitors? walk-ins?
    • Are definitions clear?
  • are permitted uses specified?
    • coursepacks and reserves (print and electronic); linking (just like to see it clearly specified); interlibrary loan; scholarly sharing (lets an individual with authorised access to email an article to a colleague)
    • To a certain extent don’t mind if something’s permitted or prohibited as long as it’s clear!
  • liability – you don’t want to be legally liable for anything your users do!
    • Companies used to working with business may have a liability clause.
    • But prefer “Licensor shall indemnify and hold harmless the Licensee and an Authorized Users for any losses […] which arise from any third party claim […]”
    • AMA account shut down for 48 hours because user’s account was hacked. License says saying we’ll ‘take reasonable steps’ – but AMA reserve right to suspend access to the database. Prefer the database to notify the organisation so we’ve got time to suspend the individual’s account. Need to take account of timezones.
  • accessible formats for users with disabilities?
    • Most have a stipulation that you can’t change the content/form but like to see an exception to change into audio or Braille
  • access if you suspend/terminate?
    • Renewal – be careful of automatic renewal clauses with a notice period that’s earlier than when they typically send renewal notices….
    • Post-termination perpetual access – archival copy or access on server – ‘reasonable cost-based fee’ may want more details

If something’s not working for you, negotiate. Use the CEIRC Licences – Model Clauses page on CAUL’s site. LIBLICENSE has a good set of model licenses too.

Have 1000s of licenses; 34,000 students. How to communicate these? One vendor suggested a handout…. Previously  faculty member wanting to use in a course pack would contact their subject librarian, who’d consult the confusing spreadsheet, consult the e-resource librarian, then go back to the faculty member and say ‘no’.

Now putting these into Alma at the collection level so they can display in the catalogue at the title level. (35 of the most common ones done, 1000 to go 🙂 )

Games for learning – Dan Millward #open17

Gamefroot is a platform for kids to make video games; he’s also cofounder of Games for Learning conference.

Museums have a desire for innovation but a low appetite for risk. Air and Space Smithsonian though makes more on its digital content than all the other Smithsonian

Gamefroot gets a media palette eg terrain, background, effects, events – can put it together, preview, make game. Creating an app. Eg

  • Game about museum – writing labels
  • Mihi maker game
  • After-school game design club

Playing games can be educational but hard to compete with games out on the market. Gamefroot by contrast is about construction. Giving kids a reason to want to learn.

What’s in making a game?

  • digital tech / code
  • media
  • narrative
  • production
  • ideation / testing / feedback
  • teamwork

Code Red project – pilot of coding workshops – but have evolved beyond code clubs to game design clubs

What’s going on with e-book usage? – Catherine Leonard #open17

ALIA in 2013 predicted “50:50 by 2020”; in 2015 said actually maybe not – “predicted to plateau at 20-30%”

Auckland City Libraries experiencing slow but steady usage.

  • 2015-15 – 9% of checkouts
  • 2016/17 – 11%
  • Aug 2017 – 12%

E-usage isn’t rising at the same amount as print usage is decreasing.

What’s an e-collection strategy when you don’t own the content? How does this fit in with collection policy?

5 platforms for e-book/audio and 1 for e-magazines.Lots of feedback that this is too confusing for staff, let alone users. Staff end up only showing one platform (usually Overdrive). So trying to find out more about usage in order to make decisions.

Could get basic stats but very one-dimensional. So developed a methodology and tool to extract data and combine with patron data (from Sierra). Lots of normalisation and validation of data. Then could look more deeply into information.

  1. Most users used only 1 ebook platform; 10% use 2; <2% (mostly staff!) use 3+
  2. Demographic similar to traditional library users: 70% female; 68% European; 35-64 years old (especially the older end whereas traditional is at the younger end); Asian, Māori, Pasifika underrepresented – there’s a correlation between content and usage and not much content for Māori and Pasifika but what’s there is used a lot.
  3. Youngest patrons have lowest use
  4. Men checkout more e-audiobooks than women – this is growing at a higher rate than ebooks
  5. Heatmap of users by home library

Annual customer survey then came about so inserted four questions on e-books about awareness and satisfaction. 62% aware of e-lending; 41% aware but never used (including many using other platforms but not library’s); 12% have used in last 4 months. Asked how can we improve your experience of borrowing ebooks “so that you would give a rating of ‘very satisfied’ next time”?

  • First-time users find it intimidating – even techy people, who felt embarrassed to ask for help
  • Availability “I don’t see the point of people wait for 1 of 3 copies when those copies don’t actually exit … you should be using an updated model … aka Netflix, Facebook” – users don’t want us blaming publishers
  • Choice
  • Number of platforms – 2nd from bottom of issues